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In the modern food safety system, foreign body detection is one of the most important links. Although traditional metal detectors can identify metal foreign bodies, they have limited detection capabilities for non-metallic foreign bodies (such as glass, ceramics, bones, etc.). Therefore, X-ray food inspection equipment came into being, and with its efficient and accurate detection capabilities, it has become an indispensable quality control tool in the food industry. So, what is the working principle of X-ray food inspection equipment? This article will provide an in-depth analysis from many aspects.

1. Overview of X-ray Food Inspection Equipment

X-ray food inspection equipment is a non-destructive detection technology that uses X-rays to penetrate food and detect its internal structure. It is widely used in the food processing industry, mainly used to detect foreign bodies (such as metal, glass, plastic, stone, bone, etc.) in food to ensure food safety and quality compliance. This detection method has more advantages than traditional metal detectors, because X-rays can not only detect metal foreign bodies, but also non-metallic contaminants, which is suitable for a wider range of food inspection needs.

2. Core components of X-ray food inspection equipment

X-ray food inspection equipment is mainly composed of the following core components:

X-ray source: The X-ray source is the core component of the equipment, usually consisting of an X-ray tube and a high-voltage power supply. The X-ray tube generates an X-ray beam under high voltage and irradiates it onto the food being inspected. The quality and power of the X-ray source determine the detection accuracy and application range of the equipment.

Conveying system: This system is used to transport food to the X-ray detection area. Common conveying methods include belt conveying, roller conveying, etc. The speed of the conveying system is adjustable to meet the detection needs of different types of food.

Detector (sensor): The detector is used to receive the X-ray signal after penetrating the food and convert it into a digital signal. Common detector types include photodiode array, CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) and TDI (time delay integration) and other technologies. The higher the resolution of the detector, the higher the detection accuracy.

Image processing system: This system analyzes and processes the signal received by the detector to generate an X-ray image of the food. Foreign matter or defects can be identified by comparing the density, shape and internal structure of the food through algorithms.

Rejection system: When foreign matter or quality problems are detected, the rejection system will automatically remove the problematic food from the production line. Common rejection methods include airflow rejection, lever rejection and flap rejection.

Control and user interface: The operator controls the equipment through a touch screen or computer interface and sets the detection parameters. Modern X-ray food inspection equipment is usually equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) analysis functions to improve the intelligence and automation level of detection.

3. Working principle of X-ray food inspection equipment

The working principle of X-ray food inspection equipment is mainly based on the penetration ability of X-rays and the absorption characteristics of different substances. The specific workflow is as follows:

Emission of X-rays: When the food enters the inspection area through the conveyor belt, the X-ray source emits an X-ray beam and irradiates the food. The energy of X-rays is usually between 50kV and 150kV, and the specific value depends on the thickness of the food and the inspection requirements.

Absorption and transmission of X-rays: Different substances have different absorption abilities for X-rays. Generally speaking, the denser the material, the more X-rays it absorbs, while the less dense the material, the less it absorbs. For example, the density of foreign matter such as metal, glass, and stone is much higher than that of the food itself, so they absorb more X-rays and transmit less X-rays to the detector.

Generation of X-ray images: The detector receives the transmitted X-ray signal and converts it into a grayscale image. Since denser foreign matter absorbs more X-rays, it appears as a darker shadow on the image, while lower-density food appears as a lighter part.

Image analysis and defect identification: The image processing system analyzes the image through a preset algorithm to detect whether there are foreign matter or quality problems inside the food. For example, through density comparison, contaminants such as metal fragments, glass pieces, and bones can be identified. Advanced detection equipment can also identify whether the shape and weight of the food are abnormal to find possible defects.

Automatically remove unqualified products: When foreign matter or quality problems are detected in the food, the equipment will send a signal to trigger the rejection system to remove unqualified products from the production line to ensure that the food that finally enters the market meets safety standards.

4. Advantages of X-ray food inspection equipment

Wide detection range: It can detect a variety of foreign matter such as metal, glass, ceramics, plastic, and bones, while traditional metal detectors can only detect metal foreign matter.

Non-destructive testing: X-ray detection will not damage the food and will not affect the taste and quality of the food.

High-precision detection: Modern X-ray detection equipment has high-resolution detectors and AI intelligent analysis functions, which can achieve higher-precision detection.

Detectable packaged products: X-ray equipment can detect internal foreign matter through aluminum foil packaging, while traditional metal detectors have difficulty detecting aluminum foil packaged food.

High detection efficiency: It supports high-speed detection, is suitable for large-scale food production lines, and improves production efficiency.

X-ray food inspection equipment is an advanced food safety inspection technology that uses X-rays to penetrate food and analyze its internal structure to detect foreign matter, defects, and quality problems. It is widely used in meat, dairy products, baked goods, canned foods and other fields, with the advantages of high precision, wide applicability and non-destructive detection. Although the equipment cost is relatively high, its role in food safety assurance is irreplaceable. In the future, with the advancement of technology, X-ray food inspection equipment will play a greater role in the food industry.

http://www.vixdetect.net
Shanghai Vixdetect Inspection Equipment Co., Ltd.

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